Imam Khomeini was an influential Iranian religious leader and politician, born on September 24, 1902. He is best known for leading the Iranian Revolution in 1979, which resulted in the overthrow of the Pahlavi monarchy and the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Khomeini became the country's Supreme Leader, holding significant power over both the government and religious institutions. Khomeini's ideology combined Islamic principles with political governance, advocating for a system known as Velayat-e Faqih, or the guardianship of the Islamic jurist. His leadership had a profound impact on Iran's domestic and foreign policies, shaping the nation's identity and its relations with the West and neighboring countries.