The House of Gwynedd was a royal dynasty in medieval Wales, known for its significant role in Welsh history. It emerged in the 9th century and was centered in the region of Gwynedd, which is located in northwestern Wales. The house is notable for its leaders, including Llywelyn the Great and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, who sought to unify Wales and resist English domination. The dynasty's influence peaked during the 13th century, but it faced challenges from the expanding Kingdom of England. The House of Gwynedd ultimately fell after the defeat of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd in 1282, leading to the annexation of Wales by England and the end of Welsh independence.