Historical republics are political entities that operate under a system of government where representatives are elected by the citizens. These republics often emphasize the rule of law and the rights of individuals. Notable examples include the Roman Republic, which laid the groundwork for modern governance, and the Venetian Republic, known for its unique political structure and maritime trade. Throughout history, many regions have established republics to promote civic participation and limit the power of rulers. The Dutch Republic in the 17th century was significant for its economic prosperity and cultural achievements, while the United States emerged as a prominent republic in the late 18th century, influencing democratic movements worldwide.