The Venetian Republic, also known as the Republic of Venice, was a major maritime power in the Mediterranean from the 7th century until its fall in 1797. It was known for its unique political system, which combined elements of oligarchy and democracy, with a ruling council led by the Doge. The republic thrived on trade, connecting Europe with the East, and became wealthy through commerce, shipbuilding, and banking. The capital, Venice, is famous for its canals, architecture, and art. The republic played a crucial role in the Renaissance, fostering artists like Titian and Tintoretto. Its decline began in the 17th century due to competition and military conflicts, ultimately leading to its conquest by Napoleon Bonaparte.