Hispania Ulterior was a Roman province located in the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula, which is present-day Spain. Established in the 2nd century BCE, it was part of the larger region of Hispania, which the Romans divided into several provinces for administrative purposes. Hispania Ulterior included areas such as Andalusia and parts of Extremadura. The province was known for its agricultural productivity and strategic importance. It played a significant role in the Roman economy and military operations. Over time, Hispania Ulterior was further divided into smaller provinces, including Baetica and Lusitania, reflecting the evolving administrative needs of the Roman Empire.