The Himalayan mountain system is a vast mountain range in Asia, stretching across five countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan. It is home to some of the world's highest peaks, including Mount Everest, which is the tallest mountain on Earth. The range was formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates, a process that began around 50 million years ago. The Himalayas play a crucial role in the climate and ecology of the region. They act as a barrier to cold winds from the north, creating a warmer climate in the southern plains. Additionally, the mountains are the source of major rivers, such as the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra, which are vital for millions of people living in the surrounding areas.