The Hijjaz is a region located in the western part of the Arabian Peninsula, primarily in present-day Saudi Arabia. It is known for its historical significance, as it includes the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, which are central to the Islamic faith. The region has a diverse landscape, featuring mountains, deserts, and coastal areas along the Red Sea. Historically, the Hijjaz served as a vital trade route connecting the Arabian Peninsula with other regions. It has been inhabited for centuries, with various tribes and civilizations contributing to its rich cultural heritage. The area continues to attract millions of pilgrims each year, especially during the Hajj pilgrimage.