Hezb-e Islami is a political and militant group in Afghanistan, founded in the 1970s by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. The group initially emerged to resist the Soviet invasion and has since been involved in various conflicts within the country. Hezb-e Islami has a strong Islamist ideology and has sought to establish an Islamic state in Afghanistan. The group has been known for its guerrilla warfare tactics and has received support from various foreign entities over the years. In recent years, Hezb-e Islami has participated in the political process, signing a peace agreement with the Afghan government in 2016, aiming to transition from armed conflict to political engagement.