Herod Archelaus was a son of Herod the Great and ruled as ethnarch of Judea, Samaria, and Idumea from 4 BCE to 6 CE. His reign followed his father's death and was marked by political instability and unrest. Archelaus was known for his harsh rule, which led to widespread dissatisfaction among the Jewish population. In 6 CE, due to his inability to maintain order, the Roman Emperor Augustus deposed Archelaus and replaced him with a Roman governor. This change marked the beginning of direct Roman rule in Judea, significantly impacting the region's governance and its relationship with the Roman Empire.