HBB, or HBB gene, is a gene located on chromosome 11 that provides instructions for making a protein called beta-globin. This protein is a crucial component of hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Mutations in the HBB gene can lead to various blood disorders, including sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia. The HBB gene is essential for normal blood function, and its study has significant implications for understanding and treating these conditions. Advances in genetic research and therapies, such as gene editing, aim to address the issues caused by HBB mutations, improving the quality of life for affected individuals.