The HBB gene is responsible for producing a part of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Located on chromosome 11, this gene specifically encodes the beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin. Mutations in the HBB gene can lead to blood disorders, such as sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia, which affect the production and function of hemoglobin. Understanding the HBB gene is crucial for diagnosing and treating these conditions. Genetic testing can identify mutations in the HBB gene, allowing for early intervention and management strategies. Research continues to explore gene therapy as a potential treatment for disorders linked to the HBB gene.