Greek history spans thousands of years, beginning with the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations around 3000 BCE. These early cultures laid the foundation for the rise of the Classical Greek period, marked by the development of city-states like Athens and Sparta. This era saw significant advancements in philosophy, art, and democracy, with influential figures such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. The Hellenistic period followed the conquests of Alexander the Great, spreading Greek culture across a vast empire. Eventually, Greece fell under Roman control, leading to a blend of cultures. Despite this, Greek heritage continued to influence art, science, and politics throughout history, shaping Western civilization.