The term "Greek Cypriot" refers to the ethnic Greek population of Cyprus, an island in the eastern Mediterranean. Greek Cypriots primarily speak Greek and share a cultural heritage that includes traditions, customs, and religious practices rooted in Orthodox Christianity. Historically, Greek Cypriots have played a significant role in the island's political and social landscape. The community has faced challenges, particularly during the Cyprus conflict, which led to the division of the island in 1974. Today, Greek Cypriots primarily reside in the southern part of Cyprus, known as the Republic of Cyprus.