Geophysical modeling is a scientific technique used to understand the Earth's structure and processes by simulating physical properties. It involves creating mathematical representations of geological features, such as rock layers, faults, and mineral deposits, to predict how they behave under various conditions. This helps scientists and engineers make informed decisions in fields like oil exploration and earthquake risk assessment. The models can be based on data collected from geophysical surveys, which use methods like seismic waves and magnetic fields to gather information about the subsurface. By analyzing this data, researchers can visualize complex geological formations and assess their potential impacts on the environment and human activities.