Geological mapping is the process of creating detailed representations of the Earth's surface and subsurface features. This involves identifying different types of rocks, minerals, and soil, as well as understanding their distribution and relationships. Geologists use various tools, such as GPS and satellite imagery, to gather data and create maps that help visualize geological formations. These maps are essential for various applications, including mineral exploration, land-use planning, and environmental management. By studying geological maps, scientists and engineers can make informed decisions about resource extraction, construction projects, and natural disaster preparedness, ultimately contributing to sustainable development and safety.