Gardening methods refer to the various techniques used to cultivate plants and manage gardens. Common methods include raised beds, which elevate soil for better drainage and accessibility, and container gardening, where plants are grown in pots or other containers, making it suitable for small spaces. Another popular method is permaculture, which focuses on creating sustainable and self-sufficient ecosystems. Additionally, hydroponics allows plants to grow in nutrient-rich water instead of soil, while organic gardening emphasizes the use of natural fertilizers and pest control to promote healthy plant growth.