The Fourth Dynasty of Egypt, part of the Old Kingdom, lasted from around 2613 to 2494 BCE. It is renowned for its monumental architecture, particularly the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Pyramid of Khafre. This period marked the height of pyramid building and the centralization of power under the pharaohs. Key pharaohs of this dynasty include Sneferu, who built the first true pyramid, and his son Khufu, known for the Great Pyramid. The Fourth Dynasty is often seen as a golden age of ancient Egyptian civilization, characterized by advancements in art, architecture, and governance.