The Flag of Iraq features three horizontal stripes of red, white, and black, which are traditional Pan-Arab colors. In the center of the white stripe, there are three green stars and the phrase "Allahu Akbar" in Arabic script, meaning "God is the Greatest." The flag was officially adopted in 2008, although variations have existed since the 1920s. The colors of the flag symbolize different aspects of Arab nationalism. Red represents the blood of those who fought for independence, white signifies peace, and black stands for the oppression faced by the Arab people. The green stars symbolize hope and prosperity.