Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies was born on January 12, 1810, and became king in 1830. He ruled over the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which included the southern part of Italy and the island of Sicily. His reign was marked by a mix of conservative policies and attempts to modernize the kingdom, although he faced significant opposition from liberal movements. Ferdinand II is often remembered for his authoritarian rule and resistance to the unification of Italy, which was a significant political movement in the 19th century. He died on May 22, 1859, and was succeeded by his son, Francesco II of the Two Sicilies.