The "Two Sicilies" refers to a historical kingdom that existed from 1816 to 1861, encompassing the southern part of the Italian Peninsula and the island of Sicily. It was formed by the unification of the Kingdom of Sicily and the Kingdom of Naples, ruled by the Bourbon dynasty. The region was known for its rich culture, agriculture, and strategic location in the Mediterranean. In 1861, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy during the Italian unification process, led by figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi. This marked the end of Bourbon rule and the integration of the southern territories into a unified Italian state.