Familial Polyposis is a genetic condition characterized by the development of numerous polyps in the lining of the colon and rectum. These polyps are typically benign but have a high risk of becoming cancerous if not monitored and treated. The most common form is Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), which is caused by mutations in the APC gene. Individuals with Familial Polyposis often require regular screenings, such as colonoscopies, to detect and remove polyps early. If left untreated, the risk of colorectal cancer increases significantly, often by the age of 40. Treatment may involve surgery to remove the colon, especially if polyps are numerous or cancerous.