The APC gene (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli) is a crucial tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 5. It plays a significant role in regulating cell growth and ensuring proper cell division. Mutations in the APC gene can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, which is a key factor in the development of certain types of cancer, particularly familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and colorectal cancer. The protein produced by the APC gene helps to manage the Wnt signaling pathway, which is essential for normal cellular functions. When the APC gene is mutated, it can disrupt this pathway, leading to the formation of polyps in the colon and an increased risk of cancer. Early detection and monitoring are vital for individuals with APC gene mutations.