Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the colon and rectum, which are parts of the large intestine. It usually begins as small growths called polyps that can develop into cancer over time. Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, and abdominal discomfort. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include age, family history, and certain lifestyle choices such as a diet high in red or processed meats. Regular screenings, like colonoscopy, are recommended for early detection, especially for individuals over 45 years old or those with a family history of the disease.