Eye diseases refer to various conditions that affect the eyes and can lead to vision problems or blindness. Common eye diseases include cataracts, which cause clouding of the lens, and glaucoma, characterized by increased pressure in the eye that can damage the optic nerve. Other conditions, such as macular degeneration, affect the central part of the retina, leading to loss of central vision. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing eye diseases effectively. Regular eye exams can help identify issues before they become severe. Lifestyle choices, such as a healthy diet and protecting eyes from UV light, can also reduce the risk of developing certain eye conditions.