European swordsmanship refers to the martial arts techniques and practices developed in Europe, primarily during the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. It encompasses various styles and schools, often focusing on the use of the longsword, rapier, and other bladed weapons. These techniques were documented in numerous manuscripts by masters such as Johannes Liechtenauer and Fiore dei Liberi, who provided detailed instructions on combat, footwork, and weapon handling. The practice of European swordsmanship was not only a means of self-defense but also a competitive sport and a form of military training. It emphasized principles such as timing, distance, and leverage, allowing practitioners to effectively engage opponents. Today, historical European martial arts (HEMA) enthusiasts study and revive these techniques, fostering a deeper understanding of the martial traditions of Europe.