HEMA, or Historical European Martial Arts, refers to the study and practice of martial arts techniques from Europe, primarily from the late medieval to early modern periods. Practitioners often focus on techniques involving weapons such as swords, polearms, and grappling, using historical manuals and treatises as guides. HEMA emphasizes both the physical and historical aspects of martial arts, allowing enthusiasts to connect with the past while developing their skills. Participants often engage in sparring, drills, and competitions, fostering a community that values tradition, discipline, and the preservation of historical fighting techniques.