Historical European Martial Arts (HEMA) refers to the study and practice of martial arts techniques from Europe, primarily from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period. These techniques are derived from historical manuals and treatises written by masters such as Johannes Liechtenauer and Fiore dei Liberi. HEMA encompasses various weapons, including swords, polearms, and grappling techniques. Practitioners of HEMA aim to reconstruct and preserve these martial traditions through training and sparring. The focus is on understanding the historical context and techniques, allowing enthusiasts to connect with the martial heritage of Europe. HEMA has gained popularity in recent years, fostering a global community of practitioners.