Ethical systems are frameworks that help individuals and societies determine what is right and wrong. They provide guidelines for making moral decisions and can be based on various principles, such as utilitarianism, which focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number, or deontological ethics, which emphasizes duties and rules. Different cultures and philosophies may adopt distinct ethical systems, influencing laws, social norms, and personal behavior. For example, virtue ethics centers on the character of the individual, while relativism suggests that moral standards are shaped by cultural context. Understanding these systems can enhance moral reasoning and promote ethical behavior.