The Elamites were an ancient civilization that inhabited the region of Elam, located in what is now southwestern Iran. They thrived from around 2700 BCE to 539 BCE, developing a unique culture and language distinct from their neighbors, such as the Mesopotamians. The Elamites are known for their advanced urban centers, including the capital city of Susa, and their contributions to art, architecture, and trade. Elamite society was organized into city-states, each ruled by a king. They engaged in frequent interactions and conflicts with surrounding cultures, particularly the Babylonians and Assyrians. The Elamites also created a writing system, which has provided valuable insights into their history and culture.