Ecological concepts refer to the principles that explain how living organisms interact with each other and their environment. These interactions form ecosystems, which include communities of plants, animals, and microorganisms, along with their physical surroundings. Key concepts include food chains, habitats, and biodiversity, which highlight the relationships and dependencies among species. Another important aspect of ecological concepts is the study of biomes, which are large areas characterized by specific climate conditions and types of vegetation. Understanding these concepts helps scientists and conservationists address issues like climate change and habitat destruction, ensuring the sustainability of ecosystems for future generations.