Duke Friedrich II of Saxe-Gotha (1691-1732) was a German nobleman who ruled the duchy of Saxe-Gotha in the Holy Roman Empire. He is known for his efforts to modernize his territory, promoting education and the arts, and establishing a reputation for cultural advancement during his reign. Friedrich II was a member of the House of Saxe-Gotha, a branch of the larger House of Wettin. His leadership contributed to the development of the region, and he was instrumental in fostering relationships with other European powers, enhancing the duchy's influence in the 18th century.