Diterpenes are a class of organic compounds made up of four isoprene units, resulting in a molecular structure that typically contains 20 carbon atoms. They are found in various plants and are known for their diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Diterpenes can be derived from natural sources like pine trees and sage. These compounds play significant roles in the ecology of plants, often contributing to their defense mechanisms against herbivores and pathogens. Some diterpenes are also used in traditional medicine and have potential applications in pharmaceuticals. Examples include taxol, a diterpene used in cancer treatment, and carnosic acid, found in rosemary.