Isoprenoids
Isoprenoids, also known as terpenoids, are a large class of organic compounds derived from isoprene, a simple five-carbon molecule. They play essential roles in various biological processes and are found in many plants and animals. Isoprenoids contribute to the formation of essential oils, hormones, and vitamins, making them vital for health and ecological functions.
These compounds are characterized by their structural units, which are multiples of the isoprene unit. Isoprenoids can be classified into different categories, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes, based on the number of isoprene units they contain. Their diverse structures lead to a wide range of functions and applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.