Decontamination is the process of removing or neutralizing harmful substances from people, equipment, or the environment. This is essential in various fields, including healthcare, where it helps prevent the spread of infections, and in hazardous material management, where it ensures safety from toxic chemicals. There are three main methods of decontamination: cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. Cleaning involves removing dirt and impurities, disinfection kills or inactivates pathogens, and sterilization eliminates all forms of microbial life. Each method is chosen based on the level of contamination and the specific requirements of the situation.