Cryptococcal meningitis is a serious infection of the brain and spinal cord caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. This fungus is commonly found in soil and bird droppings. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, are at a higher risk of developing this condition. Symptoms may include headache, fever, and neck stiffness. Diagnosis typically involves a lumbar puncture, where a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is taken for testing. Treatment usually requires antifungal medications, which can be effective but may take time to work. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in affected individuals.