Cross-Strait Relations refer to the political, economic, and social interactions between Taiwan and Mainland China. These two regions have a complex history, particularly since the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949, when the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan while the Communist Party established the People's Republic of China on the mainland. The relationship has fluctuated over the years, with periods of tension and cooperation. Key issues include Taiwan's political status, economic ties, and military presence. While Mainland China views Taiwan as a part of its territory, many in Taiwan seek to maintain their distinct identity and autonomy.