Colonial rivalry refers to the competition between European powers during the 15th to 20th centuries to acquire territories and resources around the world. Nations like Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal sought to expand their empires by establishing colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. This competition often led to conflicts, treaties, and shifting alliances as countries aimed to dominate trade routes and access valuable resources. The rivalry was fueled by the desire for economic gain, national prestige, and strategic advantage. Notable events, such as the Scramble for Africa and the Opium Wars, exemplify how colonial ambitions shaped global politics. Ultimately, these rivalries had lasting impacts on the cultures and economies of colonized regions.