Citrus diseases are illnesses that affect citrus plants, such as oranges, lemons, and limes. These diseases can be caused by various factors, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Common symptoms include yellowing leaves, fruit drop, and stunted growth, which can significantly reduce crop yields. One of the most serious citrus diseases is citrus greening, caused by the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter. This disease leads to the decline of trees and can spread rapidly through insect vectors like the Asian citrus psyllid. Effective management practices, including proper sanitation and pest control, are essential to protect citrus crops from these diseases.