The Central Valley is a large, flat region in California, stretching approximately 450 miles from north to south. It is bordered by the Sierra Nevada mountains to the east and the Coastal Range to the west. This area is known for its fertile soil and is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the United States, growing a variety of crops such as grapes, almonds, and tomatoes. The valley is divided into two main parts: the Sacramento Valley in the north and the San Joaquin Valley in the south. The climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters, making it ideal for farming. Major cities in the Central Valley include Fresno, Bakersfield, and Stockton.