A catastrophe, or disaster, refers to a sudden event that causes significant disruption, damage, or destruction. These events can be natural, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, or floods, or human-made, like industrial accidents or terrorist attacks. The impact of a catastrophe often leads to loss of life, injury, and extensive property damage, requiring emergency response and recovery efforts. The aftermath of a catastrophe can strain local and national resources, as communities work to rebuild and support affected individuals. Governments and organizations often implement disaster preparedness plans to mitigate risks and enhance response capabilities. Understanding the nature of catastrophes helps in developing effective strategies for prevention and recovery.