Cajanus cajan, commonly known as pigeon pea, is a leguminous plant native to the Indian subcontinent. It is cultivated primarily for its edible seeds, which are rich in protein and essential nutrients. Pigeon peas are often used in various dishes, particularly in Indian and African cuisines, and can be grown in diverse climates and soil types. The plant typically grows to a height of 1 to 2 meters and produces small, yellow flowers that develop into pods containing the seeds. Cajanus cajan is also valued for its ability to improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation, making it beneficial for sustainable agriculture.