The Buwaihids, also known as the Buyids, were a Shia Muslim dynasty that ruled parts of Iran and Iraq during the 10th and 11th centuries. They emerged after the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate and are known for their significant influence on Persian culture and politics. The Buwaihids established their power in the region by capturing key cities, including Baghdad, and they played a crucial role in the administration of the caliphate. The dynasty was founded by Ali ibn Buwaih and his brothers, who initially served as military leaders. The Buwaihids are recognized for promoting the arts and sciences, contributing to the cultural renaissance of the time. Their rule marked a period of relative stability, although it eventually faced challenges from rising powers, leading to their decline in the late 11th century.