Bone marrow failure occurs when the bone marrow does not produce enough blood cells. This can lead to a shortage of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, resulting in anemia, increased risk of infections, and problems with blood clotting. Conditions like aplastic anemia, leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes can cause bone marrow failure. Symptoms of bone marrow failure may include fatigue, frequent infections, and easy bruising or bleeding. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests and a bone marrow biopsy. Treatment options vary and may include medications, blood transfusions, or bone marrow transplants to restore healthy blood cell production.