Basavanna was a 12th-century philosopher and statesman from India, known for his role in the Lingayat movement. He emphasized the importance of personal experience in spirituality and advocated for social reform, challenging caste discrimination and promoting equality. As a poet, Basavanna composed numerous Vachanas, which are short, pithy verses expressing his thoughts on devotion and ethics. His teachings focused on the worship of Shiva and the pursuit of a direct relationship with the divine, free from rituals and intermediaries. His legacy continues to influence spiritual and social movements in India today.