Avian infectious diseases are illnesses that affect birds, caused by various pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. These diseases can spread rapidly among bird populations, impacting both wild and domesticated species. Common examples include avian influenza, Newcastle disease, and salmonellosis, which can lead to severe health issues and even death in affected birds. Preventing avian infectious diseases involves good management practices, biosecurity measures, and vaccination programs for domesticated birds. Monitoring and controlling outbreaks is crucial to protect both bird populations and human health, as some diseases can be transmitted to humans, highlighting the importance of vigilance in avian health management.