The Asen Dynasty was a ruling family in the medieval period, primarily associated with the history of Bulgaria. It emerged in the late 12th century and played a significant role in the establishment of the Second Bulgarian Empire. The dynasty is known for its military successes and efforts to restore Bulgarian independence from Byzantine control. Key figures of the Asen Dynasty include Peter IV and Kaloyan, who expanded the empire's territory and strengthened its political power. The dynasty's reign marked a cultural and economic revival in the region, contributing to the development of Bulgarian identity and heritage during the Middle Ages.