The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval state that existed from 1185 to 1396. It emerged after a successful uprising against the Byzantine Empire, led by the brothers Asen and Peter. The empire reached its peak in the late 13th century, becoming a significant cultural and political power in the Balkans. During its height, the Second Bulgarian Empire expanded its territory, encompassing parts of modern-day Serbia, Greece, and Romania. The empire was known for its flourishing culture, including advancements in literature and art. However, it eventually declined due to internal strife and external pressures, particularly from the Ottoman Empire.