Aratta is an ancient civilization believed to have existed around 3000 BCE in what is now southwestern Iran. It is often associated with the development of early urban societies and is thought to have engaged in trade with neighboring regions, including Mesopotamia. The civilization is known for its advanced craftsmanship, particularly in textiles and metalwork. The exact location of Aratta remains uncertain, but it is frequently mentioned in ancient texts, including the Sumerian king list. Scholars suggest that Aratta may have played a significant role in the cultural and economic exchanges that shaped early civilizations in the Near East.