Uruk was one of the most important cities in ancient Mesopotamia, located in present-day Iraq. It is often considered one of the world's first major urban centers, flourishing around 4000 BCE. Uruk is known for its impressive architecture, including the massive Ziggurat and the city walls, which showcased advanced engineering for its time. The city played a crucial role in the development of writing, as it was here that the earliest forms of cuneiform script were developed. Uruk's influence extended beyond its borders, impacting trade and culture throughout the region, making it a key player in the rise of Sumerian civilization.