Ancient Indian literature encompasses a rich tapestry of texts produced in various languages, primarily Sanskrit, Pali, and Prakrit. Key works include the Vedas, which are sacred hymns, and the Upanishads, philosophical texts exploring spirituality. The epic poems, such as the Mahabharata and Ramayana, narrate heroic tales and moral lessons, reflecting the cultural values of the time. In addition to religious texts, ancient Indian literature includes works on science, mathematics, and drama. Notable playwrights like Kalidasa contributed to the literary scene with plays such as Shakuntala. This diverse body of work has significantly influenced not only Indian culture but also global literature.